Learning Foundations

Where ancient wisdom meets modern strategy
The research the simulation rests on, the frameworks behind each element, and the references in full.

Tech Tempest is a team-based competitive simulation where participants design, build and defend a digital banking bid, making real strategic decisions on technology, risk and competitive positioning. The scenario is banking. The learning is universal: strategy, risk, AI literacy and teamwork, capabilities every organisation needs.

Three converging forces

๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Ancient Wisdom

Eight civilisations, eight strategic capabilities. History becomes a lens for modern decisions.

๐Ÿค–
AI Tools

Research, analyse, evaluate, then apply human judgement. AI literacy through structured practice.

๐Ÿ’ผ
Business Challenges

Real trade-offs in strategy, infrastructure, pricing and AI governance. Every choice has a consequence.

Five integrated learning dimensions

๐Ÿ›๏ธAncient Wisdom
Historical capabilities as a lens for modern strategy
๐Ÿง AI Literacy
Use AI tools to research, analyse and defend decisions
๐ŸŽฏStrategic Thinking
Choose your strategy, design your offering, price your bid
โš–๏ธRisk and Governance
Face a risk committee that prices every bold choice
๐ŸคTeamwork
Eight roles, eight civilisations, one contract to win

The experiential arc

The four phases follow Kolb's experiential learning cycle (1984).

๐Ÿ›๏ธ Council
Form your team. Explore the biggest questions.
Concrete experience
๐Ÿ“ Blueprint
Choose your strategy. Design what sets you apart.
Reflective observation
โš’๏ธ Forge
Location, releases, pricing. Build the bid.
Abstract conceptualisation
๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ League
Face the risk committee. Defend every choice.
Active experimentation

Framework mapping

How each element connects to established theory.

๐Ÿ›๏ธ Ancient Wisdom
History as a decision-making lens

Historical analogies shape how leaders judge and act on current problems. Tech Tempest makes this process explicit: each civilisation embodies a strategic capability that participants apply to modern challenges.

Neustadt & May (1986) · Thinking in Time · Harvard Kennedy School
Historical role-immersion

Participants assigned to historical factions with committed perspectives report higher engagement, self-efficacy and perceived learning than those in conventional courses.

Carnes (2014) · Reacting to the Past · 480+ institutions
Narrative identity formation

Civilisation identities create cognitive scaffolds. Participants remember that they are the Byzantine Architects and their strength is quality long after they have forgotten the point values. The narrative carries the learning.

Bruner (1991)
๐Ÿ›๏ธAthenian
People · Debate
โš”๏ธRoman
Growth · Scale
๐Ÿ•ŒByzantine
Quality · Endurance
๐ŸŽจMedici
Finance · Patronage
๐ŸชSilk Road
Social · Trust
๐Ÿ”ญAlexandrian
Tech · Discovery
๐Ÿ“œSumerian
Legal · Governance
๐Ÿ‰Ming
Create · Innovation
Each civilisation's historical excellence maps to a modern strategic capability, an X-Factor that shapes every decision from design through to risk.
๐Ÿง  AI Literacy
Florence and the say-do gap

What customers say is not what they do. AI surfaces stated preference; judgement finds revealed behaviour.

Kahneman (2011)
Evidence rating

Critical evaluation of AI-generated output. Is it behavioural proof, or stated intent?

Florence Nightingale · 1858
The Very Curious Human

A four-step AI interaction framework: ask, give context, probe every answer, own the judgement.

Original to Tech Tempest · UNESCO (2024)
๐ŸŽฏ Strategic Thinking
Foundation ยท 12 essentials ยท 70 pts High-Value ยท 8 features ยท 5โ€“15 pts X-Factor ยท 25 pts Kano: Attractive quality Kano: Performance quality Kano: Must-be quality
The Ziggurat Model

Three-tier strategic design: essentials, then differentiators, then signature innovation. A synthesis of Kano, Porter and McKinsey Three Horizons.

Kano (1984) · Porter (1980)
Strategic Fit quadrant

Two-dimensional portfolio analysis. Fit against evidence guides feature selection into Priority, Strategic Bet, Consider or Avoid.

Porter (1980)
FOUR STRATEGIC ARCHETYPES: PORTER (1996) X-FACTOR FOUNDATION Pure Innovator One bold bet. Foundation only. X-FACTOR FOUNDATION Focused Specialist Signature + your two strongest. X-FACTOR FOUNDATION Signature Build Strong coverage + signature. no X-Factor FOUNDATION Breadth Play Maximum coverage, no signature.
Strategic archetypes

Strategy as a deliberate choice, not an accidental outcome. Participants choose their shape before building.

Porter (1980)
โš–๏ธ Risk and Governance
Five-factor risk pricing

Risk as a quantifiable function of decisions. The committee prices every bold choice.

ISO 31000 (2018)
Automation risk

AI governance as a design decision. The hidden cost appears at governance review, not at build time.

NIST AI RMF (2023)
Phased delivery and capacity

Breaking complex programmes into releases, and managing the trade-off between speed and execution risk.

The Scrum Guide (2020)
๐Ÿค Teamwork and Inclusion
Team formation

Team-based learning methodology, with individual accountability inside team performance.

Michaelsen (2004) · Belbin (1981)
Eight functional roles

C-suite perspectives and cross-functional diversity.

Belbin (1981)
Selective composition

What you leave out shapes what you see.

Belbin (1981)
Competitive rounds

Problem-based learning and narrative pedagogy.

Michaelsen (2004) · Bruner (1991)

Every perspective at the table

๐Ÿ’ผMerchant
CRO · Growth
๐Ÿ’กInventor
CPO · Create
๐Ÿ”ฎOracle
CHRO · People
โš–๏ธAdvocate
GC · Legal
๐Ÿ›ก๏ธSentry
CQO · Quality
๐Ÿ“ŠScribe
CFO · Finance
๐Ÿง Philosopher
CSO · ESG
๐Ÿ—๏ธEngineer
CTO · Tech
Every participant, whether their background is STEM, humanities, business or creative, finds a role that matches how they think.

Distinctive design features

Synthesis
The Ziggurat Strategy Model

An original teaching metaphor that synthesises Kano, Porter and McKinsey Three Horizons into a single visual framework, accessible to secondary participants and senior executives alike.

Novel application
Automation Risk as Governance

AI feature selection framed as a risk management decision, where the cost appears at governance review rather than at build time. Grounded in NIST AI RMF and the EU AI Act.

AI literacy methodology
The Very Curious Human

A four-step AI interaction framework, ask, give context, probe every answer, own the judgement, built on UNESCO's AI Competency Framework for structured, critical AI use.

Inclusive by design
Eight Functional Roles

Every participant finds a professional lens that matches how they think, from engineer to philosopher. Built on Belbin's team roles, Hambrick's Upper Echelons, and T-shaped skills research.

International standards referenced

ISO 31000:2018 COSO ERM 2017 NIST AI RMF 1.0 EU AI Act 2024 IEEE 7000 UNESCO AI Framework 2023

Appendix: selected references

The core works the design stands on. A fuller reading list is available on request.